Chidziwitso choyambirira cha mapampu amankhwala

Bwanji kusankha mpope woyenera kwambiri wakhala chinthu chabwino nkhawa anthu. Sizophweka kwa inu kusankha ufulupompa mankhwalaChifukwa zonsezi ndizofunikira: zochitika, media, zinthu, ndi zina.

Ife ali pano mwatsatanetsatane chiyambi cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapampu, kotero kuti ndikupatseni chithunzithunzi chamtundu wanji wapope mankhwala ayenera kusankha.

Kusankha mpope, choyamba tiyenera kumvetsa ndi kudziwa mfundo za kusankha mpope mankhwala. 

1. Mtundu wosankhidwa wa pampu ndi magwiridwe antchito mogwirizana ndi chipangizochootaya, mutu, kuthamanga, kutentha, cavitation otaya, kuyamwa ndi magawo ena ndondomeko.

2. Ayenera kumveketsa zofunika za mikhalidwe yapakati.

Yambani kunyamula pampu yoyaka, yophulika yapoizoni kapena yokwera mtengo, kumafuna chisindikizo chodalirika kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu opanda kutayikira, mongapampu yamagetsi yamagetsi,pampu ya diaphragm,pompa chishango.

3. Kutumiza kwa pampu yowononga zinthu, kudalirika kwa makina, phokoso lochepa, kugwedezeka.

4. Zachuma ayenera kuganizira mtengo wa zida, ndalama zogwirira ntchito, kukonza ndi kasamalidwe kumawononga mtengo wotsikitsitsa wonse.

5. Nthawi zambiri, kusankha pampu yamankhwala:

(1) pampu ya centrifugalndi liwiro lalitali, kakulidwe kakang'ono, kulemera kopepuka, kuchita bwino kwambiri, kuyenda kwakukulu, kapangidwe kosavuta, palibe kutulutsa kwa kulowetsedwa, magwiridwe antchito okhazikika, ntchito yosavuta komanso kukonza kosavuta ndi zina zotero.

(2) Pali zofunikira zoyezera, kusankha pampu yoyezera.

(3) Mutu zofunikira ndizokwera kwambiri, kutuluka kwake kumakhala kochepa komanso kosayenera kakang'ono Pampu yamagetsi yamagetsi ya centrifugal imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, mwakufuna kubwezera mpope, monga zofunika cavitation si mkulu akhoza gwiritsaninso ntchito pampu ya vortex.

(4) Mutu ndiwotsika kwambiri, wotuluka kwambiri, kusankha kwa pampu ya axial flow and mix flow pump.

(5) Chapakatikati kukhuthala (kuposa 650 ~ 1000mm2 / s), ganizirani kusankha kwa pampu ya rotor kapena mpope wobwereza (pampu ya giya, pampu yowononga)

(6) Gasi wapakatikati ndi 75%, kuthamanga kwake ndi kochepa ndipo mamasukidwe ake amachepera 37.4mm2 / s, kusankha kwa pampu ya vortex.

Chiyambi cha pafupipafupi kapenapampu yothiriranthawi zovuta, ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito kudziletsa priming pa mpope, mongapampu yodzipangira yokha centrifugal,pampu yodzipangira yokha vortex, mpope wodzipereka wa pneumatic (magetsi).

Kufunafuna ma convections posankha pampu yolimbana ndi dzimbiri zochokera pa ndondomeko ayenera zochokera madzi ndi ngalande zofunikira, kuchokera kuzinthu zisanu zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa. 

1. Flow ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito pampu, ndi mwachindunji zokhudzana ndi mphamvu zopangira ndi mphamvu zotumizira chipangizo chonse. Monga momwe Design Institute process process imatha kuwerengera mpope wabwinobwino, osachepera, pazipita mitundu itatu ya magalimoto. Sankhani mpope, otaya pazipita monga maziko, kuganizira kuyenda kwanthawi zonse, pakalibe kuyenda kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofunikira 1.1 nthawi otaya yachibadwa monga pazipita otaya.

2. Chipangizo dongosolo chofunika kukweza mpope ndi china chofunika deta ntchito, ntchito ambiri kukulitsa 5% -10% malire mutu pambuyo kusankha.

3. Zamadzimadzi katundu, kuphatikizapo madzi sing'anga dzina, thupi katundu, mankhwala katundu ndi zinthu zina, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi dongosolo mutu, kuwerengera kothandiza kwa NPS ndi mtundu woyenera wa mpope, mpope kusankha zinthu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa shaft chisindikizo.

4. Mkhalidwe wamapaipi a dongosolo loyika amatanthawuza kutalika kwa chakudya chamadzimadzi, mtunda wa kutumiza madzi, osachepera madzi mlingo wa mbali kuyamwa, pazipita madzi mlingo mbali yotulutsa, etc., ndi mafotokozedwe, utali, zipangizo, Ndi zina zotero, kuti mupitirize kuwerengera mutu wa chisa ndi NPSH fufuzani.

5. Kutsimikiza kwa zinthu zogwirira ntchito, monga zamadzimadzi zogwiritsira ntchito T kukhathamiritsa kwa nthunzi, kukakamiza mbali (mtheradi), kutulutsa mbali chotengera kuthamanga, okwera, yozungulira kutentha ntchito ndi kusiyana kapena mosalekeza, kaya pampu udindo atakhazikika kapena kusuntha. Ndi a maziko ofunika kusankha. Zida monga AFB zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri mpope wosagwira dzimbiri, mpope wa CQF engineering pulasitiki maginito pagalimoto.

Za kufalikira kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala ndi media, kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo za convective zimafunikira zida zosavala, ngati kuli kofunikira, kusindikiza shaft ndi kutsuka kwamadzi koyera.

Kukonzekera kwa mapaipi a pampu za mankhwala

M'malo mopanga mapangidwe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa:

A. Chololera kusankha chitoliro awiri, chitoliro awiri, pa otaya yomweyo mlingo, liwiro loyenda ndi laling'ono, kukana kutayika kuli kochepa, koma mtengo ndi mkulu, chitoliro m'mimba mwake ndi yaing'ono, zidzachititsa kuwonjezeka kwambiri mu kukana kukana, mutu wa pampu ukuwonjezeka Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu, ndalama ndi ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito zakwera. Choncho ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuchokera malingaliro aukadaulo ndi azachuma.

B. Chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya ndi zopangira zake ziyenera kukumbukira kupanikizika kwakukulu.

C. Kamangidwe ka chitoliro kuyenera kukonzedwa molunjika momwe mungathere kuti muchepetse zovekera chitoliro ndi kuchepetsa kutalika kwa chitoliro ayenera anatembenukira pamene utali wopindika wa chigongono chitoliro awiri ayenera kukhala 3 mpaka 5 nthawi ngodya momwe mungathere kuposa 90 Lt; 0 ndi gt; C.

D. Mbali yotulutsa pampu iyenera kukhala ndi mavavu (mpira kapena valavu ya globe, etc.) ndi valavu yoyang'ana. Valve imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha ntchito pompa. Chovala chotchinga chimalepheretsa mpope kuchoka kubweza pamene madzi akubwerera mmbuyo ndikulepheretsa mpope kugunda nyundo yamadzi. (Pamene madzi akubwerera, adzakhala ndi lalikulu kupsinjika kwapampu, kuwonongeka kwa pampu).